This Universal Controller Could Speed Up Adoption of Robotic Prostheses, Exoskeletons
For decades, science fiction has explored the idea of using robotic prostheses and exoskeletons to help humans with physically demanding tasks and walking. While researchers have been working on real-life robotic assistance, the current versions need a lot of fine-tuning and adjustment, so they’re primarily used in research labs. Now, mechanical engineers at Georgia Tech are working on a universal controller that could take the technology out of the lab and into workplaces and homes.
What makes this universal controller exciting is that it’s designed to be easy to control. There’s no need for complicated calibration, training, or algorithm adjustments. Users can simply put on their devices and go about their day.
Deep learning
The universal controller uses deep learning AI to autonomously adjust and help users with different activities, like standing, walking, and climbing stairs. Unlike older exoskeletons, it doesn’t focus on one activity at a time, like walking on a smooth surface or climbing stairs. Instead, it focuses on the person using it and how their muscles and joints move.
The reason for the change was that real movement is a lot messier; categorizing human movement into distinct modes, like level ground walking or climbing stairs, tends to limit the user’s movement.
This technology uses sensors that can measure what the body is doing and tell the exoskeleton about the environment. The researchers used machine learning to translate this information between the sensors and the muscles to provide a more intuitive and seamless experience.
Requires less energy
Another advantage of the universal controller is that it could make it easier for users to move, using less energy. The researchers found that the users’ joints didn’t have to work as hard when wearing the device.
Even though the device itself adds weight, wearing the exoskeleton benefited users. Even better, the device can adapt to each person’s movements without special adjustments. And there’s no need to make specific changes for the device to work for different people.
How the device was tested
This universal controller was created to assist with movement rather than completely taking over the effort.
The researchers trained an algorithm using data collected from study participants of different genders and body types. Using the powered hip exoskeleton, the study participants walked at various speeds, climbed stairs, moved on ramps, and transitioned between those movements.
The bottom line
The development of the universal controller for robotic prostheses and exoskeletons marks significant progress in wearable robotics.
The exoskeleton’s ability to automatically adjust to different tasks makes it easy to use. This could help many people, particularly those with physically demanding jobs, like airline baggage handlers and soldiers.
This universal controller is the first step to bringing robotic exoskeletons out of labs and into real-world use. Its potential to help improve mobility and lower injury risk looks promising.
