As a result, individuals with below-knee limb loss tend to rely on their sound side leg and use their prosthetic leg less while standing and walking. However, this adaptation can result in altered biomechanics of the intact leg, pelvis, and trunk, which increases the risk of pain symptoms and overuse musculoskeletal injury, ultimately restricting functional mobility.
To address this issue and improve patient outcomes, researchers sought to gain a better understanding of this phenomenon.
The researchers studied 18 individuals with traumatic below-knee amputations who had at least six months of daily use of a prosthetic limb. The participants are also classified as K-level 3 or 4.
The researchers performed a computerized dynamic posturography, evaluating the participants’ automatic and intentional reactions. They also performed a Limits of Stability test to assess the participants’ ability to shift their center of gravity.
The study confirmed that participants with traumatic below-knee amputations used their prosthetic legs less for both automatic and intentional postural tasks. However, this strategy might result in impaired balance or musculoskeletal injury, which affects an individual’s functional mobility.
The study also found a few factors that could help improve postural control and balance in individuals with traumatic below-knee limb loss.
The first is to prolong prosthetic leg use. Researchers found that the longer a person uses a prosthetic leg, the better the weight-bearing becomes on the prosthesis. This, in turn, leads to overall improved usage of the prosthetic side.
The study suggests that this finding could be due to adaptive mechanisms like central reorganization processes, which progress over time as experience and practice increase. Therefore, daily use of the prosthesis and rehabilitation are crucial for individuals with below-knee limb loss, even for experienced prosthesis users.
The second factor is the ideal residual limb length, which ranges from 12.5 to 17.5 cm. The study found that individuals with longer residual limbs tend to have more asymmetrical weight-bearing postures and prefer to use their intact legs. Interestingly, this finding contradicts previous studies that suggested a longer residual limb could improve standing and walking ability as well as functional mobility.
Maintaining good balance and posture is essential for carrying out daily activities without experiencing pain or injury. This study has revealed that individuals who have below-knee limb loss due to trauma tend to rely more on their intact leg, resulting in severe asymmetrical posture. This can increase the risk of developing chronic pain and injury.
The good news is that postural control can be improved through increased use of prosthetic limbs and undergoing rehabilitation. This can benefit both new and experienced prosthesis users.
Another effective way of improving postural control is having the ideal residual limb length, which typically ranges from 12.5 to 17.5 cm. Individuals with longer residual limbs tend to favor their intact leg, which can further aggravate postural asymmetry.
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Cvancara lost her left leg below the knee due to a congenital condition called Fibular Hemimelia at the age of one. Despite these obstacles, she pursued her passion for nursing, obtaining her BSN degree from four different colleges in six years while undergoing multiple surgeries and military relocations.
Despite surpassing the Navy’s physical requirements, Cvancara’s pre-existing amputation automatically disqualified her. She highlights the inconsistency in allowing disabled individuals who become disabled in service to continue serving while excluding those with pre-existing disabilities.
Cvancara emphasizes the need for nurses within the military and questions why qualified candidates like herself are turned away. The current blanket policy excludes prior amputees from service, citing potential accommodations that may hinder deployability. However, Cvancara argues that this policy fails to account for individuals who are both physically and mentally capable of serving.
Cvancara advocates for a case-by-case approach to evaluating candidates’ abilities. She believes non-disabled and disabled individuals should be held to the same performance standards. By measuring capabilities based on performance rather than bias, the military can tap into a pool of capable and patriotic defenders.
In 2021, she petitioned Congress and garnered support from politicians and officials nationwide to initiate a hearing on disability reform in the military. As of March 1, 2024, the Hannah Cvancara Act continues to gain momentum. She’s slated to lobby for the bill in front of Congress.
Since she began the fight against discriminating regulations in the military, Cvancara’s goal has shifted from wanting to enter the Navy Nurse Corps to being an Air Force Flight nurse. But she still wants to help others who have similar dreams. In an interview with KHQ.com, Cvancara expressed optimism about the bill’s outcome and hoped it would encourage more people to consider a career in the military.
Cvancara’s story of fighting to change the system and create a more inclusive environment for qualified candidates who are physically and mentally capable of serving is inspiring. Her story is one of perseverance, determination, and a deep commitment to public service despite the struggles she may be dealing with due to her limb loss.
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Patients with obesity often face weight bias in healthcare settings, where healthcare professionals judge and stigmatize them. To push back against weight bias, advocates in the US have introduced the first-ever Obesity Bill of Rights.
The bill, published on January 31, 2024, by the National Consumers League and National Council on Aging, has the support of 40 national obesity and chronic disease organizations as well as several lawmakers.
The Obesity Bill of Rights comprises eight principles. These include the right to respect; the right to treatment from qualified health providers; the right to make treatment decisions; the right to accurate, clear, trusted, and accessible information; the right to accessible obesity treatment from health systems; the right for older adults to receive quality obesity care the right to person-centered care; and the right to coverage for treatment.
Weight bias in healthcare has serious repercussions. It can often discourage people from seeking and receiving proper medical attention. Physicians and medical providers who harbor weight bias tend to spend less time and engage in less discussion with patients who have obesity compared to patients with lower body mass index. Biased providers are also often hesitant to perform preventative health screenings, further exacerbating the issue.
This problem is also evident among patients with limb loss, where weight bias has led to inadequate diagnosis or treatment. Some individuals with limb loss or limb difference believe they were assigned a lower K-level due to weight bias. Others feel that they did not receive a suitable prosthetic device to enable them to return to their daily activities because of their weight.
The impact of weight bias is far-reaching, and it is essential to address this issue to ensure everyone has access to the best possible healthcare.
With the introduction of the Obesity Bill of Rights, advocates hope that workplace policies and state and federal laws will change to address weight bias in healthcare and ensure that patients with obesity receive quality care and respect from healthcare professionals.
Healthcare providers, whether doctors, nurses, physical therapists, dietitians, psychologists, or prosthetists, are all capable of expressing weight bias. According to an article in Pediatrics, healthcare providers with weight bias may harbor negative assumptions about people with excess weight or obesity, including categorizing these patients as lacking self-control and lazy.
Traditional medical education seems to perpetuate weight bias. Typically, obesity is presented as the result of unhealthy lifestyle choices, which oversimplifies the complexity of the condition. As a result, doctors may jump to the conclusion that a patient’s weight problem is due to excessive eating and lack of exercise. With this type of education, medical students and practitioners are not provided with enough training and tools to address the multifaceted components of obesity, including genetic and environmental factors.
Another potential cause of weight bias in healthcare is the belief that shame motivates people to lose weight. However, research suggests that shame, stigma, and prejudice are more likely to have negative consequences, such as causing patients to avoid medical appointments and reducing their physical activity levels. The World Obesity Federation found that patients who experienced weight stigma gained more weight instead of losing it.
This emphasizes the need for a more comprehensive and compassionate approach to addressing obesity in healthcare.
If you feel like your healthcare provider is treating you unfairly because of your size, it’s okay to speak up for yourself. You don’t have to suffer in silence or feel ashamed. Instead, you can use this as an opportunity to educate your provider and advocate for better treatment.
One way to start a conversation is by bringing in an article that explains weight bias and how it can affect patient care. You can use this to help your provider understand where you’re coming from and how they can improve their approach.
Another strategy is to use helpful phrases, like:
“I’ve read that people with larger bodies often don’t receive the same level of care as other patients. I want to make sure that I’m being heard and that my concerns are being taken seriously.”
“I’ve heard of amputees with larger body sizes not getting the appropriate prosthetic device for their true activity level. I want to ensure I’m getting the right prosthesis so I can return to doing the things I used to enjoy pre-amputation.”
If your current healthcare provider doesn’t improve, consider finding a new provider, particularly if your experience makes you feel uncomfortable or unsafe.
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The word ‘narcissist’ is often used to describe someone self-centered and lacking in empathy. However, Narcissistic Personality Disorder (NPD) is a legitimate mental health condition that can make relationships challenging for the person living with the condition. Likewise, it can make it harder for others to maintain a relationship with the person.
However, some individuals can display traits associated with narcissism, even if they haven’t been diagnosed with NPD. These characteristics may include having an inflated perception of their own importance, creating an imaginary world to enhance their sense of grandiosity, seeking constant admiration and praise, feeling entitled to special treatment, exploiting or taking advantage of others without remorse, lacking empathy or concern for others’ needs, bullying or belittling others, and dominating conversations or meetings.
Furthermore, people with NPD or narcissistic tendencies get very sensitive to feedback from others and even react with fury if confronted. They can also become cross if they feel ignored or slighted.
Dealing with people with NPD or narcissistic traits may feel like walking on eggshells, but you don’t have to put your mental and physical health on the line for the other person. Here’s a look at some ways to deal with someone who has narcissistic tendencies and learn how to look out for yourself.
Successful relationships often have clear boundaries. When dealing with someone with narcissistic tendencies, clear boundaries are even more critical, as they will often cross those lines.
Enforce these boundaries rather than making idle threats or ultimatums. This will force the other person to take you seriously.
Enforcing clear boundaries is often difficult for people with low self-esteem, so building your self-esteem is necessary.
Having a healthy level of self-esteem is crucial in dealing with the challenging behaviors that may arise. To boost your self-esteem, it’s important to engage in positive self-talk, prioritize self-care, and surround yourself with a supportive network of people. By developing resilience through these practices, you can better navigate the difficulties that come with interacting with someone who exhibits narcissistic behaviors.
People with NPD or narcissistic traits can be volatile and sensitive in arguments or confrontations. So, learning to keep calm and keep the situation from blowing up is essential.
You can start practicing skills like deep breathing, meditation, or yoga. These practices may make it easier to avoid reacting when dealing with someone with narcissistic tendencies.
Sometimes, it’s wiser to pick your battles and walk away from a tense situation. However, different strategies are needed depending on the relationship with the other person. For example, dealing with a parent or spouse may require a different approach than dealing with a child or co-worker.
Generally, if you feel that your boundaries have been crossed, try not to react, show annoyance, or get visibly flustered. This is when your “keep calm” skills will come in handy.
But if you’re dealing with someone you’d like to keep close to in life, it’s best to speak up calmly and gently.
Tell the other person how their words and behavior impact your life. Be specific and consistent about what’s unacceptable and how you expect to be treated. However, prepare for the fact that it may be difficult for the other person to understand or empathize with your feelings.
When dealing with someone with narcissistic tendencies, it’s not uncommon for them to make promises that they may or may not keep. They might promise to do what you ask or to improve their behavior, but keep in mind that they may only be doing so to serve their own interests.
While confronting such individuals is not recommended, it’s crucial to communicate your needs, wants, and expectations calmly and gently. You can let them know that you’re willing to fulfill their requests only after they’ve met your needs.
Maintaining consistency and following through on your expectations is vital so they understand that you take your needs and boundaries seriously. Remember that while it may be challenging to set boundaries with someone with narcissistic tendencies, it’s essential for your own well-being and mental health.
Maintaining a relationship with someone who has narcissistic traits can negatively impact your physical and mental health. Watch out for symptoms of anxiety, depression, or unexplained physical ailments, and make sure to see a primary care doctor first.
Once you’ve had a checkup, you can ask for referrals to other services, like mental health professionals and support groups. You can also reach out to your support system, like family and friends. There’s no need to go through it alone.
Although you may want to make the relationship work, be on the lookout for signs of abuse, as some people with narcissistic traits can be emotionally or verbally abusive. Some signs of verbal or emotional abuse include insults, accusations, jealousy, name-calling, yelling, patronizing, public humiliation, and threatening.
It’s best to move on if you feel manipulated and controlled, the person with narcissistic traits won’t get help, you’ve been physically abused or threatened, or your physical or mental health has been affected.
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Navigating chronic pain, especially for a person living with limb loss, can be challenging. Chronic pain varies in cause, duration, frequency, location, and sensation. And many face challenges relaying this information to others, as well as being seen and heard.
Communication is the first step towards finding medical strategies that work. In this article, we discuss various methods you can adopt to help you effectively communicate about chronic pain. We also talk about strategies to help you manage your chronic pain, which can help when you’re in between appointments.
A pain diary can make communication with your healthcare team more accurate and efficient. You can choose to keep a digital or pen-and-paper pain journal to take note of the following:
When did the pain start or end? What triggered it? What alleviated it?
Describe the intensity of the pain using the standard numerical 0 to 10 scale—0 means no pain, 1 to 3 means mild pain, 4 to 7 means moderate pain, and 8 to 10 means severe pain. Besides the intensity, also take note of the sensation and pinpoint the location of the pain.
Take note of factors that could have played a role in your pain. What did you eat? What were your activity levels? Have you had a challenging physical therapy session lately?
Also, note what your pain caused, such as appetite changes, a fall, loss of balance, insomnia, or an inability to concentrate.
Time with healthcare providers is limited, so make a plan. Create a list of issues you want to address and prioritize those issues. There is a limit to the number of issues that can be addressed with every visit.
You can have a family member or friend accompany you to your appointments. Having another person in the room will offer you support and ensure that communication with your healthcare provider is accurate. You can also ask your companion to take notes so you’re free to focus on the conversation, or you can compare notes afterward.
After your appointment, make sure to get written follow-up instructions. This will help you recall important details from your visit, such as test results, new test orders, referrals, and medication changes.
Put all these, plus your notes, in a binder or an envelope. Having everything in one place will be helpful in emergencies. You can also keep digital copies for easy access anytime.
Living with chronic pain in between appointments with your healthcare provider requires knowing how to manage and live with your chronic pain. The strategies below can help you manage your pain, energy, and mental health.
Developed in 2003 by writer Christine Miserandino, the Spoon Theory uses spoons as a metaphor to represent the limited physical and mental energy that people with chronic pain have daily. Miserandino has lupus, which affects her ability to perform daily tasks.
According to the Spoon Theory, small tasks like getting dressed or making breakfast may only require one spoon, while larger tasks like laundry or cleaning the house may take several spoons. Even simple tasks can require multiple spoons on days when pain levels are higher.
This theory emphasizes the importance of self-pacing for people with chronic pain, as they have to be strategic about how they use their spoons throughout the day. It’s all about being economical and working within a certain quota to ensure you have enough energy to make it through the day.
Chronic pain is challenging, so it’s essential to find activities that replenish you physically, emotionally, and spiritually.
Exercising, even a brisk walk, is a great way to replenish your mental and physical energy. If you’re into yoga, check out the Yoga for Amputees website. They offer free weekly virtual sessions. Also, check your local limb loss community for adaptive sports clinics.
Other options to help recharge your energy are learning a new language, playing a new instrument, or taking pottery classes. Studies have shown that working with your hands can relieve stress. Faith-based engagement opportunities are also great for filling your emotional and spiritual cup. It also helps you gain new connections along the way.
Chronic pain can take a toll on your overall well-being. Practices like deep breathing, meditation, or mental health practices like talk therapy or cognitive behavioral therapy can significantly contribute to relieving pain, even just a bit.
You might want to check out some breathing exercises to incorporate into your day. Furthermore, lean into music and art as these can be great tools for when your anxiety and frustration peak. Create a soothing playlist or curate a reading list or a “watch later” list on your video streaming platform of choice.
Living with chronic pain can be exhausting, so don’t be so hard on yourself. It’s okay to take an hour or a day to recover and charge your internal batteries.
If you need help, it’s okay to reach out to a trusted friend or family member, a crisis center, or the emergency department. When the situation feels difficult, you might want to visit 988lifeline.org to chat with a trained counselor.
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The effects of amputation are not limited to physical disability; it often leads to psychological challenges as well. To address this problem, experts developed prosthetic limbs that use robotics to replace lost limbs. However, many existing robotic prosthetic legs are not intuitive to use.
Researchers at the Daegu Gyeongbuk Institute of Science and Technology (DGIST) in South Korea have recently developed a new sensor that allows people with lower-limb loss to control their robotic prosthetic legs more accurately and comfortably. The new sensor is an imperceptible surface electromyography (sEMG) device; it’s non-invasive and can be placed inside the silicone liner of the prosthetic socket.
The original idea was to use commercially available sensors, which presented a challenge. The sensors needed to be placed inside the prosthetic socket, which is a narrow and humid environment that is constantly moving. This made it difficult to record muscle signals accurately for a long time without damaging the sensors.
So, the DGIST research team led by Professor Sang-hoon Lee developed an imperceptive sEMG sensor. The sEMG sensor is a biointerface, which acts like a go-between, helping the signals from the body communicate with the prosthetic limb.
The sEMG is flexible and elastic, making it suitable for application to various amputated parts of the body, and it can be reused over an extended period. The sEMG sensor can wirelessly transmit real-time signals generated by the prosthetic user when walking with the robotic prosthetic limb, socket, and silicone liner.
The researchers found that sEMG is more accurate than commercially similar sensors. The team expects this sensor to be useful in various wearable technologies and to improve the control of robotic prosthetic legs and hands based on biological signals.
In a statement by DGIST, Lee expressed that more people are living with limb loss around the world than we might think. But they face several limitations in their daily lives due to the lack of prosthetic legs that can be intuitively controlled. He added that this research aims to develop bionic limbs that can effectively perform sensory and motor functions like human limbs. The goal of this research is to help amputees enjoy all the activities of daily living without any restrictions.
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After battling life-threatening pneumonia and COVID-19, Howard Young has become a source of strength and inspiration for many in Sarasota, Florida. He emerged from the experience as a person living with double lower limb loss. Still, Young is determined to overcome the daunting challenges that life throws his way, even returning to work less than a year after his amputation surgery.
Before his life-altering amputations, Young was an important member of the “dream team” at the City of Sarasota’s Solid Waste Division. However, in 2020, he caught pneumonia and COVID-19, which plunged him into a coma for two and a half months. Complications arising from his Type 2 diabetes resulted in blood clots in his legs, which required the loss of both legs below the knee.
Although waking up as a double amputee was a jarring experience, Young was determined to reclaim his mobility. He wanted to be able to continue to support his wife and daughter, so he embarked on the painful process of learning how to walk again, undergoing rehabilitation at the Hanger Clinic. His perseverance paid off as he transitioned from the wheelchair to prosthetic legs. In less than a year, Young was able to return to work.
Young’s progress strengthened his belief that perseverance conquers all obstacles. In an interview with Fox 13 News, he said he believed in persevering, fighting for what one wants, and never losing one’s spirit.
Now that he’s back at work, Young has set his sights on achieving a new milestone: driving the garbage truck again.
Through his remarkable recovery, Young serves as an inspiration to his colleagues. “Never give up on yourself and your surrounding community because there’s always someone out there who’s going to fight for you. You just have to fight for yourself first,” he said.
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While existing robotic prosthetic hands can help users perform tasks, the downside is that they can be difficult to operate. These devices demand constant attention from the user to operate limited hand functions. But that may soon change.
Researchers at Penn State University have been awarded a five-year $4 million grant by the US National Science Foundation to make robotic prostheses more user-friendly and intuitive for individuals with limb loss.
The interdisciplinary team will be led by Xiaogang Hu, Dorothy Foehr Huck and J. Lloyd Huck Chair in Neurorehabilitation and Associate Professor of Mechanical Engineering and Kinesiology. The researchers aim to improve the neural and cognitive processes involved in human-robot interactions to allow users to engage with their prosthetic hands just like their own biological limbs.
This breakthrough technology will enable users to easily perform complex tasks such as playing the piano, typing, or handling delicate objects. The research is expected to lower the barrier to assistive technology adoption and improve the quality of life for people with limb loss.
The project’s first phase will be led by Nanyin Zhang, Dorothy Foehr Huck and J. Lloyd Huck Chair in Brain Imaging and Professor of Biomedical Engineering and Electrical Engineering. In this phase, the researchers will study how the brain processes information related to daily tasks using a rodent model with implanted electrodes.
Based on the outcome of this phase, the researchers plan to create a device that can be placed on the skin’s surface and stimulate nerves, allowing users to “feel” their missing limb as if it were still there. The development of this device will be led by Huanyu “Larry” Cheng, James L. Henderson, Jr. Associate Professor of Engineering Science and Mechanics.
The team will then test the device’s effectiveness by training a sensory feedback system to help patients easily perform daily tasks. This process will be led by Robert Sainburg, Dorothy Foehr Huck and J. Lloyd Huck Distinguished Chair in Kinesiology and Neurology.
By mapping motor output and sensory feedback, the researchers hope to make the device intuitive for people with upper limb loss, making their motor output adaptable to unexpected environmental changes.
Are you using a robotic prosthetic hand? Are you happy with it? If not, how would you like your prosthetic hand to improve?
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Timely diagnosis and treatment are crucial in healthcare. In Natalya “Nat” Manhertz’s case, what was initially thought of as migraine turned out to be strep throat. But by the time she got a proper diagnosis, her condition had already progressed to be much worse.
In May 2023, Nat began experiencing sore throat and fever, leading her to take a sick day from school. Feeling slightly better, she returned to school the next day. But as the day went on, her symptoms worsened, prompting her mother to pick her up. Nat and her mother visited urgent care for pain in the neck and stomach and a headache, where doctors diagnosed her with a migraine.
However, her condition continued to worsen, leading to a diagnosis of strep throat and organ failure at the emergency room. As Nat experienced cardiac arrest and went into septic shock, she was placed on the ECMO machine. After a week, she was weaned off the machine but faced severe tissue damage in her limbs from sepsis. This led to the decision for quadruple amputation.
Sepsis is the body’s extreme reaction to bacterial and viral infections. But without prompt treatment, sepsis can lead to tissue damage, organ failure, and even death. In an interview with TODAY.com, Nat said she “wasn’t sad or mad or happy” about the amputation but knew the procedure had to be done. She concluded, “It’s either amputation or dying, and I’m thankful that God spared my life."
While the exact cause of Nat’s strep throat progressing to sepsis remains uncertain, doctors believe it may have been due to a throat injury allowing bacteria into the bloodstream. Treatment involves antibiotics, fluids, and maintaining blood pressure stability to prevent severe complications like septic shock and organ dysfunction.
Nat’s condition required ECMO support to aid her lungs and heart until her body could recover. Despite the healthy state of her veins and arteries, Nat’s capillary beds in her limbs failed, leading to tissue death and subsequent amputations.
Doctors severed her arms about mid-forearm; one leg was amputated slightly below the knee while the other was a bit above the knee. Despite the challenges, Nat’s doctor told TODAY.com that Nat remained resilient, embracing her journey forward with determination.
Following the quadruple amputation, Nat experienced phantom limb pain in her legs. Dr. Vipin Bansal, a pediatric anesthesiologist, implanted a nerve stimulator to alleviate her discomfort. The nerve stimulator has been working well so far, and Nat is off her pain medication.
After being discharged from the hospital, Nat returned to school and is on track to graduate. She’s looking at colleges to pursue her dreams of becoming a sports broadcaster while waiting for her prosthetic devices. She shared that she’s excited to use them.
Despite ongoing adjustments and challenges, Nat remains hopeful and grateful for the support of her loved ones and her faith.
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Medicare is studying policy changes to offer microprocessor knees (MPKs) coverage to K2-level amputees. The reason behind this policy reform is the substantial amount of research conducted over the last decade, revealing that active K2 amputees can significantly benefit from MPKs, which improve their gait stability, balance, fall prevention, and overall quality of life.
It has been reported that Ottobock submitted a request for reconsideration in March 2022. However, the company has been working towards this policy change request since 2005, when the first MPK study was initiated in K2 patients.
Over the years, Ottobock has commissioned and supported 11 clinical studies, resulting in 13 peer-reviewed publications and two peer-reviewed systematic reviews, including one meta-analysis of the study results of 704 patients, proving the benefits of MPK technology for K2 patients.
Patients classified as K2 level include many healthy and active senior amputees. Because most do not engage in intensive activities, like running marathons, Medicare has determined that patients classified as level K2 and below cannot fully benefit from advanced prostheses, such as MPKs.
However, recent studies have revealed that MPKs can help K2 ambulators function at a K3 level and become more active than they would otherwise be. By improving the health and quality of life of many K2-level amputees, giving them access to MPKs can reduce their healthcare needs and health expenditures.
The draft policy, introduced in late January 2024, doesn’t automatically cover everyone classified as K2 level. Interested applicants need to establish that an MPK would reduce falls, improve overall health, and help them accomplish activities of daily living.
Below is a detailed list of requirements for specific prostheses:
Fluid, pneumatic, and microprocessor-controlled knees
Until now, fluid, pneumatic, and microprocessor-controlled knees have only been available for K3 users. The draft proposal suggests that K2 users could have access to them if they meet the following:
Undergo a comprehensive clinical evaluation
Submit supporting medical documentation that includes the rationale for this specific knee
Undergo a thorough consideration of other knee systems
Microprocessor-Controlled Knees (MPKs)
The draft policy outlines additional criteria for would-be beneficiaries of MPKs. These criteria include:
The device must be indicated for functional level K2
The device must be integrated with stumble recovery technology
The user must be able to charge the device daily
The user must be able to respond to any alerts or alarms that the device may generate
Revised criteria for foot prosthetics
Some prosthetic feet previously available only to K3 above-knee amputees might now be available to K2 users. The applicant needs to meet the K2 level criteria above and submit medical documentation that proves a higher-level prosthetic foot is necessary to effectively use the prescribed knee system.
These proposed changes would undoubtedly improve the quality of life of many K2-level amputees. These changes will also address the criticisms that have long been associated with the K-level classification system. The system sometimes limits patients' access to the most appropriate prosthetic technologies and services.
If you’re interested, you can participate in a national virtual meeting, which will be hosted by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS) on February 22, 2024. To register, you can head over to this link before February 21.
In addition, you can submit your public comments on the draft policy until March 2, 2024. To do so, you can review the draft policy and submit your public comment at this link.
]]>Individuals who live with lower limb loss experience a significant change in their daily life and physical abilities. Rehabilitation goals for these individuals focus on regaining mobility and physical function to improve their quality of life. Unfortunately, there aren’t many studies that measure these mobility deficiencies. This information would be helpful for individuals with lower limb loss to set achievable rehabilitation goals, which could improve their mental health and overall well-being.
In January 2024, researchers Neha Mukkamala and Shivani Vala published a study that measured mobility inadequacies in individuals with lower-limb amputation in the Indian population.
The researchers studied people who had lost one or both legs. They only included those who were over 18 years old and had undergone amputation at least six weeks before the study. They excluded individuals who had problems with their vision and hearing, had cognitive impairment, upper limb amputation, and ankle and foot amputation.
To measure mobility inadequacies in people with lower limb loss, the researchers used a simple test called the Timed “Up and Go” TUG test. This test measures how quickly someone can get up from a chair, walk a short distance, turn around, and walk back to the chair. The faster someone can do this (lower TUG score), the better they are able to move around.
The researchers screened 54 individuals with lower limb loss, 47 males and seven females. Of these, 66.67% had below-knee limb loss, and 27.8% had above-knee limb loss.
The researchers found that the time taken to complete the TUG test was affected by various factors. These factors included the person's age, the level of amputation, the length of time they have been using a prosthetic leg, and the cause of amputation (traumatic vs. non-traumatic).
The type of assistive devices used for mobility and the number of hours the prosthetic leg was worn in a day also had an impact. Moreover, the longer the duration of the amputation, the shorter it took for the person to complete the TUG test.
Although individuals with lower limb amputation had reduced functional mobility, certain factors can make this better or worse.
The researchers found that older people, those who had a non-traumatic amputation, or those who had the amputation higher up on their leg tended to have decreased mobility. Similarly, people who had only recently started using a prosthetic leg or hadn’t worn it for very long in a day also had more difficulty.
Using other assistive devices to help with walking, in addition to a prosthetic leg, also made movement harder. Meanwhile, individuals who had been living with limb loss for a longer time did better on the mobility test.
So, what does this study mean for you? If you’re currently undergoing a rehabilitation program post-amputation, it’s best to keep these factors in mind and don’t be too hard on yourself.
]]>Traveling is a great way to alleviate stress and improve mental health. It allows you to take a break from the mundane tasks of daily life and experience new places, people, and cuisines. However, traveling can also be challenging and stressful, causing us to neglect healthy habits, become ill, and struggle with jet lag and fatigue.
If you’ve got a trip planned soon, read on. These tips can help you ensure your time off is enjoyable and rejuvenating.
When traveling, it's important to prioritize getting enough sleep. While it may be tempting to book a red-eye flight to save money and maximize your time off, sacrificing sleep can make you more susceptible to getting sick. Additionally, if you arrive at your destination feeling exhausted, you may experience digestive issues.
To avoid these problems, it's best to choose travel plans that allow you to get a full night's rest before and after your trip. If possible, avoid red-eye flights and layovers that disrupt your sleep schedule. Once you arrive, focus on regulating your sleep patterns by keeping your room cool and dark, limiting caffeine intake in the afternoon, and avoiding excessive alcohol consumption. Your body and mind will thank you for it.
It can be difficult to avoid touching surfaces such as airplane tray tables, amenities at public lavatories, and TSA security bins. These surfaces are often breeding grounds for germs, which can lead to illness.
To protect yourself from picking up and transmitting germs, it’s important to step up your hygiene game. Wash your hands frequently, avoid touching your face, and always carry hand sanitizer with you. By taking these simple precautions, you can help ensure that you stay healthy and enjoy your travels to the fullest.
Maintaining a nutritious diet while traveling can be challenging, but there are simple tricks to keep it up. Before your trip, load up on foods high in vitamin C and zinc and avoid processed foods. This can help your body reduce inflammation and your risk of illness.
On the day of your trip, bring healthy snacks. This can reduce the chances of eating junk food in airports and planes. Some snacks you should pack include nuts, dark chocolate, and blueberries. Also, bring a reusable water bottle so you can refill it at water fountains.
At your destination, eat as many vegetables and fresh fruits as possible and try local cuisine that fits your diet preferences instead of processed food. To fill in any nutritional gaps, you might want to pack supplements that can help support your immune system, like vitamin C, vitamin D3, probiotics, and zinc.
When traveling by air, it's important to keep yourself hydrated as the low-humidity cabin air can cause dehydration. This can hurt many systems in your body, particularly on your mucous membranes. These delicate tissues in your nose and mouth are an essential barrier to viruses and bacteria. When they dry out (which is common when exposed to airplane air conditioning), they become more permeable to germs.
To stay hydrated, drink as much water as possible and limit your consumption of beverages like coffee, soda, and wine. Instead, opt for water, matcha, or herbal teas like peppermint and ginger, which are good for digestion and help keep you hydrated.
While you may be walking a lot more on trips, there are instances when you need to get some movement in. While waiting for your plane or train, or in between tour schedules, try some simple stretches, squats, or lunges. Once on the plane, you can do periodic neck rolls or ankle stretches.
When you’ve reached your destination, get moving to balance out the sedentary time you spend in transport. Get your heart pumping with yoga poses, 15-minute stretches, or bodyweight exercises. Exercise does not only boost your mood, it also increases your immune function and regulates your circadian rhythms.
Traveling adds additional stress to the mind and body, so it's important to adopt a regular stress relief practice that you can do anywhere. If meditation is your thing, download a guided meditation app and do some deep breathing whenever you need a quick mental reset or at night to promote deep sleep.
While it’s important to get the most out of your trip, it’s equally important to fit in activities that make you feel good. Try a workout class at a local studio, get a massage, enjoy some downtime at a local coffee shop, or nap.
Getting some time off is great for your overall well-being. To get the most out of your trip, putting your health first is equally important. You don’t want to get sick and be stuck in bed when you should be enjoying the new sights, sounds, and smells of your chosen destination. So, get enough sleep, eat as healthy as possible, stay hydrated, prioritize movement, and prepare your stress relief arsenal. Stress-free jet-setting isn’t a luxury; it’s a must.
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Existing upper extremity prostheses that rely on a human-computer interface typically have restricted functionality and pose a significant cognitive demand for their users. These limitations are often responsible for the high rates of abandonment of prosthetic devices.
Researchers from the MIT Media Lab are taking steps to address this issue by using machine learning and human-computer interaction to enhance human physical capability and revolutionize mental well-being.
This new project by Michael Fernandez of the K. Lisa Yang Center for Bionics, Junqing Qiao of the MIT Department of Mechanical Engineering, and Hugh Herr of the MIT Department of Media Arts and Sciences aims to transform upper extremity prosthetics by offering more natural movement by harnessing residual limb signals. Their goal is to reduce device abandonment, opening new possibilities for individuals with limb differences.
The researchers are investigating different methods to translate the prosthetic user's intentions into the resulting movement of the prosthetic device. They are examining signals generated by the residual limb muscular structure in recipients of the MIT-developed Agonist-antagonist Myoneural Interface (AMI) procedure, as well as traditional amputation. These musculature signals are then used as control signals for the prosthetic arm.
So far, the study has found that using these biological signals for control grants the users intuitive control of multiple degrees of freedom. Ultimately, advanced controllers could provide control of a prosthesis with native biomechanics.
As of this writing, the researchers are testing their findings. The video below shows how one of the subjects, Dave, can operate a pair of scissors and cut a piece of paper using a neurally controlled prosthetic arm.
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If you’re very anxious, you know how difficult it is to relax. Anxiety has ruined many a rest day for you by gatecrashing your precious downtime and destroying any opportunity to unwind.
While it would be great to have tips on stomping anxiety when you need to relax, it’s not that simple. So, how should you rest when anxiety creeps up?
When anxiety shows up, the typical response is to try hard to relax. However, the more you fight anxiety, the worse it gets.
It’s common to feel anxious when your mind perceives a threat, whether real or imaginary. The sympathetic nervous system, also known as the fight-or-flight response, triggers this reaction. When this happens, stress hormones flood your system, causing physical symptoms such as an increased heart rate, heightened blood pressure, rapid breathing, and racing thoughts.
Although it may be tempting to try to alleviate your anxiety, it’s best to allow your body to go through its natural process. Treating anxiety as a threat can exacerbate the situation by releasing even more stress hormones, which can prolong your anxiety response.
Instead, try to ride it out. When you do this, your parasympathetic nervous system (the rest and digest response) will eventually take over and help you relax. So, the next time you experience anxiety, try not to fight it. Pay attention to how your body feels and allow it to pass naturally.
It's natural to want to relax, but making it your sole focus can make it more challenging to achieve. This is because relaxation results from an activity rather than an activity itself. Rather than striving for relaxation, setting specific and measurable goals is better.
One way to start is by creating a list of activities you want to try, such as biking outdoors or listening to an anti-anxiety playlist. Then, set a goal to try one item from the list weekly. Focusing on the process rather than the outcome can make the task more enjoyable and less burdensome. Remember, the goal is to find activities that promote relaxation, not to stress about achieving a state of relaxation itself.
It's common to want to seek distraction through social media scrolling or binge-watching a comfort show when feeling anxious. While taking a break is essential, it’s equally important to monitor whether this temporary escape is not affecting your long-term rest efforts.
So, the next time you scroll endlessly or binge-watch, take a moment to check in with yourself and your anxiety. Are you finding relief, or are you just ignoring your symptoms? Has the passage of time caused more stress? If the current relaxation method isn’t working, consider trying something new.
Standard anti-anxiety advice, like foundational self-care (like eating a healthy diet or taking a shower) and breathing exercises, are recommended so often for a good reason.
Deep breathing is a simple yet powerful technique to have in your arsenal when dealing with anxiety. This is because it activates the parasympathetic nervous system, which can make anxiety symptoms more manageable.
While deep breathing may not completely alleviate anxiety, it can help you reach a more stable mental state where you can take a step back and decide what to do next. If you’re interested in trying out breathing exercises, be sure to check out our article on breathing techniques.
When work notifications or mindless scrolling through social media interfere with your leisure time, this is your sign to establish clear boundaries to prevent anxiety from seeping into your relaxation time.
These boundaries could be digital, such as employing focus apps that block notifications, or physical, such as finding a new location you don’t associate with stress. If you’re unsure where to start, try refraining from using your phone in bed. It’s best to go screen-free at least 30 minutes before sleep.
Anxiety interferes with our ability to rest, partly because we tend to fear it, which only adds to our stress levels. If we view anxiety as something that can disrupt our leisure time, we might unintentionally empower it to do just that.
Over time, the more we prove to ourselves that we can handle anxiety and still carry on with our activities, the more resilient we become emotionally. This, in turn, can help us relax and unwind in the long run, even if it's not always easy.
One helpful tip is to do something daily that challenges you a little and makes you anxious. Allow yourself to feel the anxiety and discomfort, but still push through. This can help you build the emotional strength to overcome anxiety and enjoy your downtime.
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Doctors told Kim Smith that she would never walk again. This was in 2018 after Smith had lost all four of her limbs in a medical intervention after contracting sepsis while on holiday abroad. But in December 2023, she took her first steps in five years, thanks to her new prosthetic legs.
Smith was in Spain in November 2018 when a urinary tract infection became a blood infection, and then she was placed in a coma. She was airlifted back to the UK, where her limbs were amputated.
Smith's rehabilitation began at Queen Mary's Hospital in Roehampton, Southwest London, where she had made significant progress. While there, she could stand up again using parallel bars.
In an interview with the BBC, 62-year-old Smith said that when the doctors said she couldn't walk again, she was determined to prove them wrong. Smith said it felt incredible and surreal now that she could wander around her house in Milton Keynes, Buckinghamshire, England.
However, her new prosthetic legs didn't come without challenges. According to Smith, the prostheses take "a lot more energy" to use. She said she needs to swing her hips to move but relishes the challenge. After all, being able to stand and walk again after five years is a fantastic feat.
Smith looks forward to mastering the use of her prosthetic legs and reclaiming a bit more freedom.
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Massage therapy is known to provide healing and pain relief for most lower back problems. When the correct muscle or muscle group is targeted, pain, especially ones caused by wearing a prosthetic limb, can be controlled at its source.
Wearing a prosthetic limb requires the body to adjust and use muscles differently. And pain caused by a prosthesis can become more pronounced if the gait isn’t corrected immediately. Going for a gait makeover combined with the right massage therapy can effectively reduce pain.
There are two major muscles that are essential in supporting and stabilizing the lower back and hips: the gluteus medius in the buttocks and quadratus lumborum in the lower back. When the biomechanics of these muscles change due to fatigue and strain, you may experience stiffness, decreased mobility, and lower back pain.
Below, we look at each of these muscles and how to prevent or minimize pain.
The quadratus lumborum is the deepest back muscle that extends throughout the lower back. This muscle allows you to bend backward as well as bend your torso sideways.
Daily activities can tire out the quadratus lumborum. These activities include slumping when sitting, lifting while leaning over something (think getting something from the trunk of a car), running on rough pavement, and leading over a sink while doing the dishes.
Tightness in this area is characterized by a sharp, urgent pain in the lower back. You may also feel a dull, continuous ache with some stiffness.
The muscle may also develop a trigger point—an unmistakable nodule in the taut bands of the skeletal muscles’ fascia or be subject to direct trauma. All these can also cause lower back pain.
To reduce the intensity of lower back pain, the massage therapist must simultaneously stretch and massage the muscle.
The gluteus medius refers to the muscle in the buttocks. As a hip abductor, this muscle allows you to lift your thigh and leg sideways. It also keeps your hips leveled while standing on one leg, which is an important part of your gait cycle as you’re walking.
Although the gluteus medius is in the buttocks, the biomechanics of the spine and hip are interconnected. This is why issues in your hip muscles can trigger pain in your lower back.
You can experience pain in this muscle due to imbalance and weakness from several causes, such as sudden, strenuous physical activity, overuse of exercise equipment that requires hip abduction, and running on soft surfaces.
When you feel pain in the lower back and buttocks, it’s most likely coming from the gluteus medius. Pain may also be felt on the back of your thigh, along with fatigue and stiffness, which limits your walking capacity.
If you’re getting a massage for lower back pain, ask your massage therapist to focus on these two muscles. Unless a specific muscle is injured from direct trauma, it’s more likely that the entire set of muscles is affected by stress, fatigue, and altered function—all common symptoms in prosthetic leg users.
Although your massage therapist is most likely aware of which muscles cause back pain, don’t hesitate to request this type of massage, especially if you suspect the pain is due to muscle dysfunction.
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There are currently 1.5 million Americans who live with lower-limb amputation. Among that number, eight out of 10 experience some degree of chronic phantom limb pain. This pain often doesn't respond to medications and dramatically reduces quality of life. But researchers have found an accessible way to at least ease the pain—through spinal cord stimulation.
Scientists in rehabilitation have discovered that individuals who have undergone lower limb amputations can experience sensation in their amputated foot and find relief from phantom limb pain through spinal cord stimulation. Furthermore, they have observed that this technique can also enhance the balance and stability of prosthetic users by embedding pressure sensors on the insole of the prosthetic foot. These sensors activate electrical pulses that are transmitted to the spinal cord.
This proof-of-concept study was conducted by an interdisciplinary collaboration among physicians, neuroscientists, and engineers from the University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, the University of Chicago, and Carnegie Mellon University. The results were published in December 2023 in Nature Biomedical Engineering.
According to the study's senior author, Lee Fisher, Ph.D., who is an associate professor of physical medicine and rehabilitation at Pitt, the research team used electrodes and stimulation devices that are already widely used in clinics and familiar to physicians. Despite the accessibility and familiarity of the materials, this approach still showed significant improvements in pain reduction and restoration of function.
The spinal cord stimulation technology used in the study works by replacing the severed links between the central nervous system and the sensory neurons in the amputated foot. This technology differs from the traditional stimulation system, which overrides pain neurons with another sensory signal. Think of rubbing a sore arm to relieve the pain.
The researchers then implanted two thin electrode strands over the spinal cord in the lower back and connected it to a small stimulation device. This device delivered electric pulses of varying frequency and amplitude, which were modulated by the researchers. The intensity of sensations were felt by the study participants in response to changing pressure on a prosthetic foot while walking.
Unlike previous research by other groups, Fisher and the team demonstrated that they could actively control spinal cord stimulation parameters to improve the study participants' balance control and gait. This approach proved effective even under challenging conditions, such as standing on a moving platform with eyes closed.
Furthermore, the study subjects reported an average reduction of 70% in phantom limb pain.
The study highlighted that this technology could work for people with extensive nerve damage due to traumatic amputation or chronic conditions like diabetes, as long as their spinal cord is intact.
The technology doesn't require expensive custom-made electrodes or rare surgical procedures, which makes it easier to implement on a larger scale. Fisher believes that this technology could become an important intervention for lower-limb amputees. With adequate support from industry partners, spinal cord stimulation for phantom limb pain could be available in clinics within the next five years.
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New Year’s resolutions often include losing weight, improving financial health, and enhancing mental health. If the last item is also on your list, practicing gratitude might be a good idea. A study has shown that this simple practice is beneficial not only for mental health but also for heart health.
Gratitude has been defined in various ways throughout history. In most circles, gratitude was extolled as a virtue. Nowadays, health experts recognize the health benefits of gratitude. Research published in the American Heart Association Journals has demonstrated that optimism and a sense of purpose can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease. And gratitude is an intervention that is particularly easy to implement.
Researchers have identified two types of gratitude. One is state gratitude, which refers to being thankful when one has been helped in specific situations. The other is dispositional gratitude, which refers to an individual’s inclination to appreciate the good in life. Both types of gratitude can improve cardiovascular health.
It's been scientifically proven that gratitude can significantly impact our heart health. When we're grateful, we're better equipped to handle stress, which can have immediate and long-term effects on our hearts. Studies have shown that heart attacks are more likely to occur after natural disasters, terrorist attacks, or even stressful events like a soccer game.
Chronic stress, such as work-related stress, has also been linked to a 40% increase in the likelihood of developing cardiovascular disease, according to the American Heart Association. However, recent research has found that individuals with high levels of dispositional gratitude are less likely to experience a heart attack six years later.
Furthermore, the same research has also revealed that gratitude not only improves our cardiovascular stress response but also aids in our psychological stress recovery. So, it's always good to count our blessings and be grateful for what we have—it can help us lead a healthy and happy life.
Research has shown that practicing gratitude regularly can have significant positive effects on cardiovascular health. Dispositional gratitude, or having a grateful outlook on life, has been linked to improved endothelial function and reduced inflammation. The endothelium is a thin membrane that lines the heart and blood vessels.
In one study, patients with asymptomatic heart failure were asked to incorporate a gratitude practice into their daily routine. They wrote down three to five things they appreciated every day. Surprisingly, this simple habit of expressing gratitude led to reduced inflammation in eight weeks. The findings suggest that cultivating gratitude can be a powerful tool for promoting heart health.
It's been suggested that gratitude can help reduce stress, and one possible reason for this is that grateful people tend to have better relationships with others. Having a solid social support network has been recognized by organizations like the World Health Organization and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention as being crucial to good health. Some psychologists believe that social relationships can be an even more critical factor than things like exercise in determining overall health.
On the flip side, loneliness and social isolation have been shown to have negative health consequences, with some studies suggesting that they can be as detrimental to our health as smoking when it comes to heart disease.
It's important to remember that gratitude isn't a replacement for healthy habits that can reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease, such as eating a balanced diet, exercising regularly, refraining from smoking, and getting enough sleep. However, a grateful outlook can be a powerful motivator to adopt these healthy behaviors.
A study conducted by Jeff Huffman, MD, a psychiatrist from Harvard, found that people who expressed higher levels of gratitude two weeks after experiencing a heart attack were more likely to continue taking their medications, eating a healthy diet, and exercising regularly. They reported an overall improvement in their quality of life six months later. This is because when we appreciate the blessings in our lives, we're more likely to take care of our health.
If you are used to a gloomier mindset, hope is not lost. You’re not doomed to a life of negativity. You can train yourself to become more grateful and reap the benefits of this positive mindset.
End your day by allotting some time to reflect on the day’s events and write down three to five things you’re grateful for. When done regularly, gratitude journaling helps retrain your mind to focus on the positive aspects of life. Plus, you get to end the day feeling pretty good about yourself.
If your nightly gratitude list feels a bit repetitive, you can use these prompts:
What is one thing that I take for granted?
As we live our daily lives, it’s easy to take things for granted. The basic things, such as electricity or the availability of clean water, consistently contribute to your overall well-being.
What am I grateful for at this moment?
When life feels bleak, pause and think about what you appreciate right now. It could be that first sip of hot coffee or a quiet moment at the beginning of a long day.
What’s something I recently accomplished?
We’re always in a hurry to tick off the next task on our to-do lists that we don’t pause and celebrate what we have done well. Relish your wins, no matter how small.
If you’d like to level up from gratitude journaling and benefit more from social connection, you can start writing letters or emails of gratitude to the people in your life. This way, you become closer to others while reflecting on the good things in your life.
Gratitude is such a simple thing to do, yet it offers excellent health benefits. The next time you feel stressed and anxious, take a moment and identify things you are grateful for. It’s a simple practice but has a huge positive impact, especially on your mental and heart health.
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About a century ago, a non-profit organization called The War Amps was created to assist veterans who lost their limbs during the First World War. This organization still helps children like Alaric Lavallee from Edmonton, Canada.
Eight-year-old Alaric was born with a limb difference; he only has one arm that stops at the elbow. But that has never stopped him from enjoying swimming, playing baseball, and having fun on the monkey bars. Now, he can fully enjoy his favorite sports thanks to The War Amps’ Child Amputee (CHAMP) program, which gave him an interchangeable prosthetic arm that adapts as he grows.
Alaric has a baseball attachment that helps him swing better and hit with more power. He also has a curved prosthetic that looks like an ice cream scoop, which he uses for swimming. He uses a black hook to grip the next bar to swing across when he plays on the monkey bars.
He even has a prosthetic for driving and typing on a computer keyboard. Alaric is already a skilled gamer, thanks to Minecraft and Super Smash Brothers. Besides sports and gaming, Alaric is also interested in math and dreams of becoming an inventor someday.
As a beneficiary of the CHAMP program, Alaric and his parents regularly attend CHAMP seminars and events across Canada. He has even made many friends through these events. CHAMP events bring child amputees and their families together to provide them with valuable information on the latest developments in artificial limbs, as well as how to deal with the teasing and bullying that many children with limb loss and limb difference experience.
In an interview with the Edmonton Journal, Alaric’s parents said they focus on teaching him confidence and ensuring he does not hide his limb difference. They want him to have tougher skin and be proud of who he is.
The CHAMP program also offers a peer support program that connects new parents to experienced parents, a specialized assistance program called Jumpstart for children with multiple amputations, and a unique “kids-to-kids” approach program called Playsafe, which makes children more aware of the dangers in their play environment. These programs for children amputees are made possible through public support of The War Amps.
Only male soldiers were members of The War Amps during the Great War (1914-1918). However, Nurse Madeleine Jaffray broke this pattern by serving in a Red Cross ambulance unit in Belgium. Jaffray was wounded by a bomb that exploded as she was leaving a covered passage in one of the wards. Jaffray had to be amputated, and her amputation at that time made her the only female war amputee in Canada before The War Amps began serving civilians.
For more information about The War Amps, please visit https://www.waramps.ca/home/.
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Understanding pain can be a complex and confusing experience. Although we may feel pain in a specific part of our body, it results from a series of complex processes that occur in the brain.
While pain is usually an accurate indication of an injury or illness, in some cases, our brain can misinterpret signals and create painful sensations even when there is no physical cause for the pain. A prime example of this is phantom limb pain, which occurs when an amputee experiences pain in a limb that is no longer there.
Chronic pain is another form of pain that is particularly challenging to treat. This type of pain can recur long after an injury has healed, causing ongoing discomfort and affecting a person's quality of life. Traditional treatments for chronic pain have been largely ineffective, in part because the root cause of the pain is often not physical.
However, recent advances in medical science have led to a new understanding of chronic pain. Instead of focusing solely on the location of the pain, researchers are now looking at how the brain processes pain signals. By better understanding the brain's role in pain, doctors and scientists hope they can develop more effective treatments for chronic pain sufferers.
It's interesting to note that fear is one of the factors that can impact how we perceive pain. Dr. Cynthia Thomson, a scientist from the University of the Fraser Valley, has been studying the brain to find new ways of treating chronic pain.
As someone who suffers from chronic pain herself, Thomson understands the close relationship between pain and fear. While both sensations are meant to be helpful, allowing us to process the world around us and take action to avoid harm, they can also be a double-edged sword. This is because our brains can develop habits that make us more or less likely to detect threats and trigger a pain sensation.
To truly transform pain science, it's essential to have a deep understanding of fear and pain. If the brain can create the sensation of pain by translating stimuli into the feeling of pain, then anything that affects that translation process can impact the resulting pain messages.
Besides fear, other factors can affect how patients interpret pain, such as their thoughts, emotions, and relationships. In other words, a patient's overall well-being is the lens through which their brain perceives pain signals.
In an interview with Fraser Valley Current, Thomson explains that this is due to a patient's nervous system. If someone has been raised in an environment where they were constantly taught to fear everything, their nervous system will be set to detect and watch out for fear all the time. This hypersensitivity can predispose a patient to experiencing chronic pain.
Besides fear, other factors can affect how patients interpret pain, such as their thoughts, emotions, and relationships. In other words, a patient's overall well-being is the lens through which their brain perceives pain signals.
If the human brain can subconsciously develop bad habits that cause it to falsely detect certain stimuli as pain, it also means that with proper training, the brain can be retrained to identify pain signals accurately. A treatment called “pain reprocessing therapy” is said to help patients do that.
Pain reprocessing therapy is a psychological training program designed to teach patients that pain signals don’t always mean the body is injured or harmed. During this therapy, patients learn meditation techniques and the science behind pain. They are also trained to recognize certain triggers that contribute to their chronic pain.
Thomson herself has experienced the benefits of pain reprocessing therapy. For years, she had been dealing with chronic pain in her back and shoulders. But with this new treatment approach, she was able to identify the role that stress and other emotions played in her pain.
Now, she says that she has the necessary tools to recognize that when her shoulder and back pain flares up, it usually happens during stressful events in her life. Thomson says that she is currently free of her chronic pain, though it occasionally flares up. Pain reprocessing therapy has helped her recognize the triggers and manage her pain better, leading to a better quality of life.
It may seem like a New Age concept, but pain processing therapy has been proven to be effective by a significant study supported by government funding. The study, published in the Journal of the American Medical Association in September 2021, compared the efficacy of pain reprocessing therapy on patients suffering from chronic back pain with placebos and typical care techniques. The researchers discovered that pain reprocessing therapy was significantly more effective than other treatment methods.
If you are interested in learning how to control your chronic pain, there are several wellness clinics in the US that provide pain reprocessing therapy. For instance, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy Los Angeles is a good option. Alternatively, you can check out an app called Curable, which has helped many individuals overcome their pain. If you want to learn more about the treatment, please visit painrevolution.org and painreprocessingtherapy.com.
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People of all gender identities experience depression at some point. However, it’s more challenging to recognize and diagnose depression in men due to social factors. Most men typically feel culturally pressured to act “manly” by hiding their emotions.
But depression is a severe condition that affects how a person thinks, feels, and acts. If you think you or someone you know may be struggling with depression, read on to learn about the physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral signs and symptoms that men may experience and what you can do next.
Although depression is typically thought of as a mental health disorder, it can also manifest in the body. This is because of the mind-body connection. As a result, men with depression are more likely to visit their doctors for physical issues than for emotional problems.
Some common physical manifestations of depression to watch out for include headaches, digestive problems, hormonal issues, erectile dysfunction, chest tightness, and unintended weight loss or gain.
Mental signs of depression may manifest differently in men, making depression difficult to detect. Some of the most common symptoms to watch out for include sleep issues (usually difficulty falling or staying asleep), racing thoughts, inability to focus, memory problems, and suicidal thoughts.
These symptoms are more likely to interfere with a person's thinking, affecting behavior and emotions.
The tricky part about depression is that not everyone who has it appears sad. In addition to sadness, men with depression may exhibit the following symptoms: lack of interest in hobbies and work; isolating emotionally from family, friends, and colleagues; aggression; restlessness; anger; hopelessness; and lack of libido.
All the physical, mental, and emotional manifestations of depression mentioned above also affect behavior. Behavior is the most apparent manifestation to others.
In men, behavioral manifestations of depression may include social isolation, excessive alcohol consumption, drug misuse, difficulty meeting responsibilities at work and in the family, engaging in risky activities, and suicide attempts.
The first line of treatment for depression is undergoing talk therapy with a psychotherapist. If this doesn’t work, a psychiatrist may prescribe medications. Implementing both treatment plans is often effective.
Other treatment options a psychotherapist may recommend include problem-solving, cognitive behavioral, psychodynamic, and interpersonal therapy.
However, a healthcare professional may prescribe medication right away for more severe cases of depression, such as for people who have attempted suicide. Medication can help alleviate some of the symptoms of depression, but these medications often take several weeks or months to make a noticeable difference in how the patient feels.
Although mental health is commonly discussed in the mainstream, there’s still some social and cultural stigma around depression—particularly among men. This is because men are conditioned by society to hold in their emotions, which isn’t healthy.
In addition, many men never ask for help because they don’t know how to identify signs of depression. On the other hand, those who do recognize the symptoms may struggle to discuss their experiences for fear of judgment.
Diagnosing depression and seeking treatment can help save lives. By continuing to talk about depression, we can help men recognize the signs. And by seeking support and treatment, men with depression can live their lives to the fullest.
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From June 2022 to February 2023, a Meta-Gallup survey found that 24% of people aged 15 and above reported feeling lonely, with the highest rates among young adults aged 19 to 29. The survey was conducted in 142 countries, with 1,000 people surveyed per country. The countries surveyed represent about 77% of the world’s population. It’s no wonder that experts warn that there is a loneliness epidemic.
If you have felt lonely, especially in the past few years, we strongly suggest you focus on building your social connections. For anyone who likes setting new year goals, this could be a great resolution for the upcoming year.
Maintaining strong social connections is highly beneficial for physical health, which is a crucial aspect of leading a long and fulfilling life. Numerous studies have demonstrated that having a sense of belonging and being part of a community can extend one's life span. This is mainly attributed to the following factors.
Improved Health
Individuals who have a solid network of social support are less likely to develop cardiovascular diseases, such as heart attacks and strokes. The presence of social connections has been found to enhance the functioning of the immune system, as well as reduce levels of inflammation, which are linked to chronic illnesses and premature aging.
Furthermore, a solid social network can influence people to adopt healthier behaviors, such as maintaining a balanced diet, exercising, and getting regular checkups.
Life Satisfaction
Having strong social connections is a crucial factor in improving one's life satisfaction. This is because social connections aid in developing a sense of purpose, belonging, and interconnectedness. Furthermore, being a part of a social network provides a supportive community that can contribute to one’s overall well-being and help individuals lead a fulfilling and meaningful life.
Mental Stimulation
Among the issues people encounter as they age is the lack of mental stimulation, which can lead to a decline in brain health and affect one’s overall health. However, engaging with others in social settings can significantly help improve creativity, mental agility, and problem-solving skills. This is because social interactions stimulate intellectual discussions and expose us to new ideas and perspectives, which can help us broaden our knowledge and understanding of the world around us.
Reduced Stress
Social connections can provide support and alleviate stress and anxiety through empathy. They can also offer security and reassurance when facing challenging situations.
Improved Self-esteem
Social connections provide validation and acceptance, which enhances your self-esteem and boosts your confidence. And having supportive relationships helps you grow through their feedback and encouragement.
Faster Recovery and Healing
Our social connections can influence the outcome of chronic conditions. For example, positive social connections can improve adherence to medical treatments and therapies, which is crucial, particularly for new amputees. Some studies have even found that people with strong social support experience faster recovery and healing after surgeries, illnesses, or traumatic events.
Strategies for enhancing social connections
So, the benefits sound good, but how exactly does one strengthen social connections? For those looking to improve their social connections, the following strategies can help foster meaningful connections and create a more fulfilling and connected life.
Strengthen Existing Relationships
If it has been a long time since you last spent time with a friend, consider reaching out to them. Creating shared experiences with your loved ones is crucial to strengthening existing relationships. You can also foster deeper connections by actively listening to them and empathizing with them in your conversations.
Build New Friendships
Making new friends as an adult can be more challenging than when we were kids. But the good news is that engaging in group activities, such as joining clubs or organizations and volunteering for community events or causes that interest you, can help you establish new connections. Attending social gatherings, networking events, or even a support group is a great way to meet people with similar interests and expand your social circle.
Embrace Technology
Social media platforms and other forms of technology can be useful in helping you stay in touch with friends and family, especially when you're unable to be together in person. Additionally, joining online communities and forums that revolve around shared interests can be a great way to meet new people and broaden your social circle.
Overcome Social Barriers
If you experience social anxiety, seeking professional help or support can be beneficial. You can gradually build your confidence by taking baby steps outside your comfort zone, such as attending social gatherings or initiating conversations. Support groups or therapy can also be valuable resources for navigating social challenges and learning effective strategies.
It's okay to spend time alone, but feeling lonely for extended periods can harm your health. That's why it's crucial to build and maintain social connections. Investing time and effort into developing meaningful relationships helps create a strong sense of belonging, which is essential for your well-being. In the end, cultivating meaningful relationships not only enriches our lives but also contributes to our overall happiness, well-being, and longevity.
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While using prosthetics might appear simple—just put them on in the morning and wear them throughout the day—navigating life as a new amputee presents its own challenges. Understanding how long and often other prosthetic users wear their limbs, particularly in the face of discomfort from various factors, can be invaluable for those adjusting to this new aspect of life.
A study published in November 2023 conducted a thorough review and meta-analysis of the use of prostheses. The study aimed to determine what factors were associated with changes in the use of prostheses, as well as how long they were worn each day.
The researchers examined 2,409 previous studies from CINAHL, PubMed, and Scopus over 20 years and ultimately narrowed it down to 29 studies. These studies involved 4,814 participants who had experienced lower-limb loss.
The review and meta-analysis provide vital information for anyone who uses prosthetics or cares for individuals who use prosthetics. By exploring the factors that influence changes in prosthesis usage and how long they are worn daily, this study can help improve the quality of life for those who rely on prosthetic limbs.
Usage: On average, people who use prosthetic limbs tend to wear them for about 9.6 hours per day and 6.4 days a week.
Location of Amputation Matters: The amputation site on your limb can affect how much a person uses their prosthetic limb. For example, people with amputations lower on their limb, such as a symes, are more likely to use their prosthesis for longer periods each day than those with amputations closer to the hip or shoulder.
Health Conditions Play a Role: The study also found that people with additional health problems may be more likely to stop using their prosthetic limbs.
Other Factors: The study also highlighted the importance of age, gender, social support, balance, skin health, and physical fitness in prosthetic leg usage.
If you’re new to amputee life and use a prosthesis, this study can help you manage expectations. Knowing the average usage times can help set realistic goals.
Additionally, maintaining overall health is crucial for maximizing the use of a prosthetic limb. Proper fit and support are also essential. A well-fitting prosthetic and support from healthcare providers, family, and friends can significantly impact how often the prosthetic is used.
It is crucial to understand how prosthetic limbs are used in daily life, particularly for those who are new to this experience. This study provides valuable insights into the typical usage and factors that may impact it. However, it is essential to remember that every individual's experience is unique, and the journey with a prosthetic limb is personal and can vary greatly.
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James Ritchie, a 73-year-old veteran from North Judson, Indiana, recently received a new robotic limb from Edward Hines Jr. VA Hospital’s Prosthetic and Orthotic Lab (O&P) after losing the lower half of his left arm 51 years ago in an industrial accident.
Hines O&P is one of VA’s largest prosthetics services specializing in treating a variety of conditions such as traumatic, orthopedic, vascular, neurologic, geriatric, and general systemic conditions. While it may not have been the first choice for many veterans, the suburban Chicago medical center has become a trusted provider of prosthetic services for veterans.
When Erik Lindholm started working at Hines almost seven years ago, only two upper limb fittings would take place at a time, he said in an interview with the Daily Herald. At that time, roughly 50% of veterans preferred seeing private clinics instead of Hines. However, today, 85-90% of veterans come to Hines for their orthotic and prosthetic needs.
Joel Heuring, who is the prosthetics chief, credits this drastic change to his 12-person team that comprises certified prosthetists, orthotists, pedorthists, three residents, and a health technician. According to him, the team's diverse experiences and specialties enable them to handle almost anything orthotically or prosthetically.
After several unsuccessful attempts in the private sector, Ritchie's quest for a prosthetic arm that can compensate for some of the function he lost five decades earlier led him to Hines VA. A prosthetic arm was designed by Lea Richer, a certified prosthetics orthotist, to restore some of Ritchie's lost function.
Ritchie is receiving up to four hours of daily training under Richer's guidance to learn how to use his new limb effectively. He hopes that his experience will benefit others.
In an interview with the Daily Herald, Ritchie revealed that although he initially suffered from depression, he now believes that his experience happened so he could help others and give them hope.
One of the ways he accomplishes this is by providing food to people experiencing homelessness in Chicago. They often ask him about his prosthetic arm, which gives him the opportunity to not only remove stigmas about artificial limbs but also share his VA experience while serving others.
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Many challenges come with using a prosthetic limb, from budgeting for a new prosthesis to dealing with an uncooperative prosthetic limb when you're in a hurry. These challenges can make everything more complicated.
When faced with problems, many people feel overwhelmed or anxious, often because they lack a structured approach to handling them. It can be invaluable to use a systematic approach when dealing with challenges. It can help break down the problem and guide you towards an effective solution.
Below are some steps that amputees with prostheses can use to work through most challenges. These steps are generalized but focus on principles rather than specifics, which can help you address the root of any issue.
You may think you're facing a specific problem when it could be entirely different. For example, you might assume your prosthesis is causing discomfort because it's worn out. However, after a closer look, the issue could be related to the socket fit or a change in your residual limb. It's essential to correctly identify the root cause of the problem instead of making assumptions. Only then can you find the appropriate solution.
Identifying the main issue can be tricky at times. If you feel your prosthesis is not correctly supporting your weight, try breaking down its components. Is it the foot, the socket, or the alignment that is causing the problem? By diving deep into the specifics, you increase the chances of pinpointing the exact concern.
It is important to consider past experiences when facing challenges. What you are experiencing with your prosthesis today may be similar to something you have faced in the past. This is where keeping a symptoms journal or a journal dedicated to prosthetic issues is handy. Looking back on those experiences can provide insights and shortcuts to finding solutions.
Many challenges related to your prosthesis require the assistance of multiple professionals. This may involve seeking help from trusted prosthetists, physicians, or support groups. Recognizing and reaching out to these individuals is essential as their expertise and experiences could provide valuable insights to help you solve any issues with your prosthesis.
Understanding the reasoning behind prosthetic decisions can be insightful. For example, why was a specific prosthetic design suggested to you? Was it chosen for its durability, comfort, or aesthetic appeal? Comprehending these subtle distinctions can help to identify the underlying cause of any issues that may arise.
Once you’re equipped with detailed insights from doing the steps above, it’s time to think about possible resolutions. It’s essential to be open-minded and consider all potential solutions, no matter how unconventional they may seem.
Once you have compiled a list of potential solutions, it's important to weigh up the pros and cons of each one. Keep in mind that every decision you make could have consequences. For example, switching to a new socket may require you to adapt to a different fit, whereas if you opt to adjust your current socket, it may only provide a temporary solution. Ultimately, you should choose what feels suitable for you, considering immediate relief and long-term discomfort.
Life as an amputee who wears a prosthesis can be quite challenging. However, by adopting a systematic approach to problem-solving, these challenges can be tackled effectively and turned into valuable learning experiences, which can help make the journey smoother in the future. It's important to remember that every challenge presents an opportunity for growth and understanding, so it's essential to approach them with confidence and optimism.
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Gaining weight—an average of one pound or 0.5 kg, according to a 2014 study—is expected during the holiday season, particularly between mid-November and mid-January. While gaining a few pounds may not cause problems for most people, those who have lost a limb and use a prosthesis should be careful to avoid holiday weight gain.
Weight gain can negatively affect your residual limb. You’ll notice the effects of holiday weight gain, such as excessive pressure on the prosthetic socket, chafing, and skin irritation. Although you can use prosthetic socks, sheaths, and liners to make wearing a prosthetic limb a bit more comfortable, gaining too much weight—about 2 to 3 kg—calls for an altered prosthetic socket fit. In some cases, you may need a new prosthetic socket, which can strain your budget.
The best way to maintain residual limb health and save costs is to maintain a steady weight during the holidays. Here are some tips that may help.
Sleep is crucial to prevent weight gain during the holiday season. Unfortunately, sleep deprivation is common during this time, which may cause an increase in weight. This is because inadequate sleep may lead to increased hunger, higher calorie intake, and less physical activity.
Sleep deprivation is known to increase hunger hormone levels, ultimately leading to higher calorie consumption. Additionally, lack of sleep has been associated with decreased metabolism due to changes in the circadian rhythm—a biological clock regulating bodily functions.
Chronic stress has been linked to an increase in food intake. This explains those junk food cravings when you are under stress.
The good news is that various techniques, like exercise, meditation, yoga, and deep breathing, can help you reduce stress levels during the holidays.
During the holidays, it's easy to consume more calories than usual and gain weight. One way to prevent this is to increase your dietary fiber intake.
Unfortunately, many holiday foods are lacking in fiber. To ensure you get enough fiber, try incorporating foods like fruits, legumes, nuts, seeds, whole grains, and vegetables.
Holiday meals are typically high in carbohydrates but low in protein. However, protein is needed for weight control as it helps you feel full faster and increases your metabolism and levels of appetite-reducing hormones.
Aim to include at least one ounce of protein with each meal. Good protein sources include fish, meat, poultry, and plant-based foods like quinoa.
Engaging in sedentary activities, like sitting on the couch and binge-watching TV shows, is expected during the holidays. Most families spend time and bond with each other this way. However, being inactive for long periods can lead to weight gain, especially when you’re already overeating.
Getting off the couch occasionally and encouraging your family to be more active is essential. You can do indoor walking exercises while watching a holiday movie or leave the house for light jogging. These physical activities can help shift your focus away from food while allowing you to bond and make memories with your loved ones.
Eating while watching a TV show might not be a good idea. Research suggests that those who eat while distracted are more likely to overeat since they can’t pay attention to their body’s fullness signals.
So, the next time you eat, be present and chew your food slowly and thoroughly. This will help you recognize your body’s fullness signals and consume fewer calories.
Many processed foods, like ham and boxed mashed potatoes, take center stage during the holidays as they are quick and easy to prepare. However, these foods often contain excess sugar and unhealthy fats that can lead to weight gain. So, opting for whole foods and cooking your meals from scratch is best.
During the holidays, it’s common to postpone doing healthy habits. This is known as the “I’ll start tomorrow” mentality, which can prolong unhealthy habits you may bring into the new year. If you’re serious about controlling your weight, sticking to your goals is crucial. Yes, even during the holiday season.
However, be kind to yourself when you have a slip-up or two. Instead of altogether abandoning your goals, it’s best to take on the “a little goes a long way” mentality. For example, instead of aiming to eat healthier tomorrow, why not start making healthy choices the next time you eat? So, if you slip up, at least you have one healthy meal during the day, which still counts toward achieving your goals.
While it’s common to gain weight during the holiday season, keeping your weight steady is essential, especially if you use a prosthesis. Weight gain can lead to a tight and uncomfortable prosthetic socket, resulting in residual limb issues.
Aim to get plenty of good quality sleep, reduce your levels, and eat whole foods. The tips outlined above will not only keep you from gaining holiday weight but also improve your overall health and well-being.
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For some people, the holiday noise on social media can be a downer. A steady stream of cheerful holiday posts can exacerbate stress and even depression. But because of how we have acclimated to our usage of smartphones and the internet, these holiday posts can sometimes feel inescapable.
While the holidays can be a time for merrymaking and spending time with loved ones, it can also be a time when people feel lonely and isolated, especially when dealing with grief or a recent loss. And exposure to social media can amplify our emotions in many ways.
According to a survey conducted by the National Alliance on Mental Illness in 2015, 64% of respondents reported experiencing the holiday blues, with 24% stating that the holidays affected them significantly. The holiday blues can manifest as feelings of tension, fatigue, loneliness, and isolation, which can be exacerbated by grief and loss.
A recent survey conducted in 2021, which involved over 2,000 US adults, revealed that more than one-third of the respondents did not want to celebrate the holidays due to grief or loss.
Whether you adore the holidays, feel stressed by them, or fall somewhere in between, it's important to prioritize your comfort and joy. To fully enjoy your holiday season, avoiding the negative impact of social media is essential.
One way to do this is by focusing on your "reason for the season." This reason will vary from person to person, so it's important to consider what you love most about the holidays. Perhaps you enjoy decorating and crafting, while others look forward to spending time with family. Some may even prefer a peaceful and quiet holiday season.
Confidence in your values can help minimize envy or comparison guilt when you see others doing something different.
It's important to prioritize what matters to you during the holidays and let go of what doesn't. This means setting boundaries and sticking to them, even if social media influencers suggest certain holiday activities or items as "must-haves" or "must-dos."
Make sure you're participating in activities that align with your values. This will help you feel enthusiastic and energized about them rather than anxious or stressed.
A study conducted in 2018 at the University of Pennsylvania found that restricting social media use to around 30 minutes per day could greatly enhance one's well-being. Although 30 minutes might not be feasible for everyone, reducing social media usage to a maximum of two hours per day during the holidays could still have some positive effects.
Social media apps like TikTok and Instagram have a screen time feature where you can not only track your time on the app but also schedule screen time breaks and sleep reminders. This is a great option when you tend to lose your sense of time when scrolling. You may also explore other app options, like StayFree, Social Fever, and Offtime.
Another way to help you minimize social media usage is to ask yourself the following questions:
How does social media make me feel?
Do I act or feel differently on days I am scrolling for long periods on social media?
Has it affected my productivity at work or school?
Has it impacted my mood or anxiety? Has it affected my sleep?
Does it affect my self-esteem?
Your answers to these questions can be a compass for how you approach and use social media, so you’re more mindful about taking breaks. Furthermore, your answers to these questions may differ during the heightened emotions of the holidays, so it’s best to do regular checks with yourself. But if social media is making you upset about what you don’t have during the holidays, it’s okay to give yourself the gift of total separation from it.
If you're feeling down after scrolling through social media, try getting 30 minutes of exercise. Actually, it's recommended that you get at least 30 minutes of physical activity every day, regardless of how social media affects your mood. Physical activity can help reduce stress, improve sleep quality, and boost energy levels.
The holidays can be challenging for many people, and it's okay to seek help if you're struggling. If you find that you're not coping well with life stressors, it may be best to seek the help of a professional counselor or therapist.
The holiday season can be triggering for some people, particularly those who are dealing with grief or a recent loss. It’s important to remember that there’s no “correct” way of spending the holidays. If certain holiday traditions trigger you, avoiding them and the deluge of holiday posts on social media is best.
It’s essential to figure out what brings you joy and prioritize accordingly. Setting boundaries can also help you focus on what’s important to you.
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Losing a limb is a life-altering event that can shake your confidence and self-worth. However, similar to other challenges, limb loss presents an opportunity to rebuild, rediscover, and redefine oneself. For several amputees, returning to work or starting a new career path is a significant step in this healing process.
If you or someone you know is considering returning to work after amputation, this article can help you navigate your career and professional life post-amputation.
Returning to your previous job after a prolonged absence can be challenging. However, you can make the transition as smooth as possible by following these tips and reminders.
Firstly, obtain a medical clearance before you resume your work. This document can provide guidelines on any limitations and recommend accommodations that may be necessary.
Secondly, communicate openly with your employer about your desire to return, your current capabilities, and any accommodations you may require. Remember, this process is a journey for both you and your employer.
Lastly, consider starting with part-time hours or flexible schedules to help you adjust without feeling overwhelmed. A phased return like this can be a great way to ease yourself back into work.
Every amputee deserves to work in an inclusive environment. To guarantee this, you can follow these steps:
Know your legal rights: It's important to understand the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) or similar legislation in your country. This legislation ensures that people with disabilities, including amputees, are not discriminated against.
Accessibility: Check if your previous workplace is physically accessible, with features like ramps, elevators, and specially designated restrooms. If you decide to apply for a new job, make sure to check the office’s accessibility features as well.
Remote working options: Many jobs can be done remotely in today's digital age. This can provide greater flexibility, which can be particularly beneficial for amputees.
After an amputation, some people may find it as an opportunity to explore new career paths. If you’re considering this route, here are some tips to consider.
Assess Your Skills: Take some time to evaluate your skills and interests. You may discover a new career path that you are more passionate about than your previous job.
Training and Education: You can consider pursuing further education or training in a new field. Many organizations offer scholarships or programs designed for individuals with disabilities.
Freelancing and Entrepreneurship: Freelancing has become a popular career option in the gig economy. You can also think about starting your own business. Being your own boss allows you to work at your own pace and make adjustments as needed.
If you have decided to look for a new job, it is natural to feel anxious about job interviews. It is your choice whether to disclose your amputation during an interview. You may choose not to mention it if it does not interfere with your job role. However, being open about it can set the tone for transparency and understanding.
During the interview, focus on your abilities, skills, and experience. Remember, you are not defined by your amputation but by the value and abilities you can offer to the job.
When you decide to return to work or start a new job, it's not just about being financially independent. It's also about finding a sense of purpose, building self-worth, and improving your emotional well-being.
Surrounding yourself with supportive friends and colleagues is essential. They can offer encouragement and make a significant difference in your life.
If you're struggling with your feelings about returning to work, don't hesitate to seek help from a professional counselor or therapist. They can help you navigate your emotions and provide guidance on how to deal with them.
Joining a support group for amputees can also be beneficial. Talking with others who have shared similar experiences can be an invaluable source of insight and support.
Whether you're returning to your previous job or starting a new one, it's crucial to continue developing your skills and enhancing your knowledge of your industry.
Learning never stops: Stay up to date with the latest trends and advancements in your field. This not only enhances your employability but also boosts your confidence.
Networking is vital: Connect with professional networks and communities. This can open doors to new opportunities and provide a platform to share your experiences with like-minded individuals.
Life after limb loss can be a challenging experience, but it's important to keep in mind that every obstacle presents an opportunity for growth. Despite physical difficulties, the professional world can still be accommodating, inclusive, and fulfilling. It's all about finding the right fit, staying determined, and believing in yourself.
You possess the skills, experience, and persistence necessary to succeed in your career. Don't let anything hold you back from shining brightly.
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Becoming an amputee, whether through trauma, disease, or other circumstances, is a profoundly transformative event. However, the impact of limb loss goes far beyond the physical adaptations; it also involves emotional and psychological struggles that can cause a great deal of stress and even depression.
This article takes a closer look at the mental challenges that amputees face. It provides guidance on managing mental health issues and rebuilding self-confidence and highlights the importance of seeking professional help. By addressing these issues, amputees can cope better with their condition, regain a sense of control over their lives, and find new ways of living a fulfilling and meaningful life.
Losing a limb can be a traumatic experience, and it can trigger a variety of emotions similar to the stages of grief. These stages are denial, anger, bargaining, depression, and acceptance. It’s crucial to recognize and understand these emotions to cope effectively.
Denial is a common reaction during the initial stage of grief. Many people may feel that "this can't be happening to me" when faced with the reality of losing a limb. But instead of villainizing denial, it's essential to understand that this stage serves as an emotional defense mechanism. It helps you protect yourself from the overwhelming emotions that come with such a significant loss.
Denial is an emotional defense mechanism to protect oneself from the overwhelming emotions of limb loss.
Anger can manifest in the second stage, leading to frustration and irritation. People may direct their anger at themselves, others, or the universe, questioning why this has happened to them.
During the bargaining stage, some may seek a way out and hope for a reversal of the situation. They may try to negotiate with themselves or a higher power to find a way to restore what was lost.
The depression stage can be the most challenging of all. Feelings of deep sadness, loss, and isolation can surface, making daily life seem like a significant challenge. It is essential to seek support from loved ones or professionals during this stage.
With time and support, many amputees eventually reach the acceptance stage, recognizing their new reality and learning to navigate it. Acceptance doesn't mean that someone is done grieving; it means that they have come to terms with their loss and are ready to move forward.
Acceptance doesn’t mean that you’re no longer grieving; it means that you have come to terms with your loss and are ready to move forward.
Managing mental well-being is a personal journey; different people may respond to other approaches. However, some general strategies can help a person to manage their mental health.
Acknowledge your feelings: It’s essential to understand that it’s normal to experience a range of emotions, and it's okay to feel them. Whether it’s sadness, anger, confusion, or any other emotion, give yourself permission to grieve and feel whatever emotions arise. This can be therapeutic and can help you to work through your feelings.
Allow yourself to grieve and feel whatever emotions arise. This can be therapeutic and help you work through your feelings.
Stay connected: Isolation can worsen feelings of depression, so it’s essential to stay connected with loved ones, friends, and family members. Joining support groups can also be helpful as it provides an opportunity to share experiences and connect with people going through similar experiences. If you are an amputee, talking to fellow amputees can help you feel understood and supported.
Set realistic goals: Setting small, achievable goals for yourself can be helpful. These goals may be related to physical therapy, hobbies, or social activities. And it’s important to celebrate your achievements, no matter how small. This can help you feel a sense of accomplishment and boost your self-esteem.
Identify negative triggers: Identifying what triggers negative feelings or memories is an essential step toward managing your mental well-being. This step may involve facing your triggers or creating coping mechanisms to deal with them.
Limb loss can profoundly impact self-confidence, and allowing yourself time to rebuild is essential. Remember to be patient and kind to yourself throughout the process.
Embrace your new identity: While amputation may have changed a part of you physically, it hasn't changed who you are at your core. Recognize this and embrace your new aspect of identity.
Surround yourself with positivity: Feeling self-conscious about your changed body is natural, but every scar tells a story of resilience. Consider joining body-positive groups or platforms that promote inclusivity. Surrounding yourself with positivity can help you boost your confidence.
Consider joining body-positive groups or platforms that promote inclusivity. Surrounding yourself with positivity can help you boost your confidence.
Find activities you love: Engaging in activities you love or trying new things can significantly improve your confidence. Whether sports, art, writing, or any other activity, immersing yourself in it can offer a sense of accomplishment.
Seek inspiration: Many amputees worldwide lead fulfilling and inspiring lives—a testament to the human spirit’s resilience. From athletes to artists, their stories can be a beacon of hope and encouragement.
At times, it’s not easy to heal and move on without professional help. Mental health experts can help you when you’re stuck and can’t process certain emotions and issues. But the signs are not as straightforward as we think.
Recognize the signs: If you experience persistent feelings of sadness, significant changes in sleep or appetite, withdrawal from activities, or recurrent thoughts of death or suicide, seeking professional help is highly recommended.
Talk therapy: Also known as psychotherapy, talk therapy can help manage one's emotions and develop coping mechanisms. It’s also a safe and supportive environment to express oneself.
Medication: In addition to psychotherapy, medication can be beneficial for some individuals who experience symptoms of depression, anxiety, or other mental health conditions. However, it is important to note that a licensed healthcare professional should always prescribe and monitor medication.
Peer support: Peer support is a valuable resource when dealing with mental health issues, as speaking with someone who has experienced similar challenges can be profoundly therapeutic. Peer counselors or support groups for individuals with specific conditions, such as amputees, can offer unique insights and support that others may not be able to provide.
Peer support is a valuable resource for dealing with mental health issues. And speaking with someone who has experienced similar challenges can be profoundly therapeutic.
Undergoing an amputation ushers in a significant change that affects not only the body but also the mind and soul. The path to acceptance and thriving after amputation is not the same for everyone; it comprises ups and downs, challenges, and victories. But with the right strategies, support systems, and professional guidance, this journey can lead to acceptance, empowerment, and profound inner strength.
Remember, there is no shame in seeking help; relying on others is alright. Doing so does not indicate weakness but strength, resilience, and a determination to move forward. Your journey, like your identity, is uniquely yours. Embracing both will take you to new horizons of emotional and psychological well-being.
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Losing muscle mass is one of the unfortunate realities of aging, and this process starts at age 30. But the good news is that there are ways to help prevent or mitigate these negative effects.
A woman with upper-limb loss performs squats (see below for the instructions).
Most fitness trainers recommend strength training as the number one exercise to improve our longevity and overall health, and this claim is supported by research. A 2015 study found that strength training can increase the life span of people in their 70s with mobility issues. This is because strength training has a plethora of benefits.
Regular strength training improves bone health, reducing the risk of osteoporosis. It also helps with muscle maintenance and weight management, as it boosts metabolism. Strength training can improve joint mobility and protect your joints by improving your range of motion and strengthening the muscles surrounding your joints.
If you use a prosthetic limb, you may find that strength training improves your balance, which is crucial in preventing falls that may lead to injury.
Below are some strength training exercises you can do at home and without equipment. You can perform these moves every day. However, if you’re new to exercise since limb loss, it’s best to consult your physical therapist and physician first.
This exercise targets your core and hip, knee, and ankle joints. Performing squats regularly allows your body to do everyday activities as you age, such as picking something up off the ground and getting up from a chair.
Here's how to do squats correctly:
1. Position your feet slightly wider than hip-width apart with toes facing forward.
2. Press your feet firmly into the floor, drive your hips back, and lower your body as if sitting down, aiming to squat parallel to the ground.
3. Press your heels into the floor to push up and return to a standing position.
4. Do 12 to 15 reps.
This exercise focuses on working out your hamstrings, quadriceps, glutes, and calves. It also enhances your balance and helps rectify muscle imbalances by strengthening each side of your body.
To begin, stand with your feet hip-width apart and take a big step forward with your sound side leg (or whichever side you prefer) into a split stance.
Keep your heel off the ground on your other leg as you lower your body until your knees form a 90-degree angle.
Then, plant your front foot and the ball of your back foot into the ground and straighten your back into a standing position.
Repeat this movement 10 to 12 times on each side.
This exercise focuses on several muscles, including the glutes, hamstrings, lower back, and those that support the spine. By doing hip bridges or glute bridges, you can stretch your hips and improve flexibility, enhancing your mobility and reducing your risk of lower back pain or injury.
To do this exercise, lay on your back with your knees bent and your feet firmly planted on the mat.
Place your arms flat on the floor next to your body, with your palms facing down.
As you inhale, press your heels into the mat and lift your hips towards the ceiling. At the top, squeeze your glutes.
Slowly lower your hips back down to the floor as you exhale.
Repeat for 12 to 15 reps.
This exercise targets several muscle groups, including the shoulders, triceps, chest, and core. By performing push-ups, you can increase your upper body strength and improve your overall endurance and stability. This can help you maintain your balance and prevent falls as you get older.
To perform a push-up, begin in a high plank position with your toes on the ground and your hands on the floor, shoulder-width apart. Keep your arms straight and your body in a straight line.
Slowly lower your body towards the ground by bending your elbows while keeping your core tight and your hips level.
Push yourself back up through your palms while exhaling and contracting your chest muscles. Return to the starting position.
Perform three to ten repetitions to complete the exercise.
If the standard push-up is too challenging, you can try modified bent push-ups instead.
Start by holding your arms straight and placing your knees on the floor, which will cause your body to be on an incline.
After this, bend your elbows to lower your body towards the floor, then push your upper body back up to the starting position.
Aim for three to ten reps.
You can perform this exercise without your prosthetic leg if you have unilateral below- or above-knee limb loss.
Push Ups Without Prosthesis - Below-Knee Limb Loss
Push Ups Without Prosthesis - Above-Knee Limb Loss
If you have limb loss in one of your arms, you can perform this without your prosthetic arm. Instead, improvise with a medicine ball.
This particular exercise focuses on strengthening your core. Planks effectively enhance your overall functional strength, improve balance, and tone your shoulders and glutes.
Assume a plank position with your forearms and toes on the floor. Ensure that your elbows are directly under your shoulders and your forearms are facing forward.
Engage your core muscles by pulling them towards your spine, keeping your torso and hips level.
Hold this position for 10 to 30 seconds.
If you have below-knee limb loss, you can do this exercise without your prosthetic limb by placing your knees on the mat instead of your toes.
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